Prostate Screening

What is a Prostate Screening?

Prostate Screening is an essential preventive health measure for men, particularly those over the age of 50 or with risk factors for prostate cancer. The screening process typically involves a blood test to measure prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and further investigation with an MRI scan if needed. If there are no symptoms at the start, patients may have a biparametric scan (bpMRI) – which is faster than an MRI and doesn’t require an injection of contrast medium into the blood. 

These screening tests help detect prostate cancer, enlarged prostate, and other prostate-related conditions in their earliest, most treatable stages. 

Understanding the prostate gland

The prostate is a small, walnut-shaped gland located just below the bladder in men. It plays a crucial role in the male reproductive system, producing fluid that helps transport and nourish sperm. 

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK, with around 52,300 new cases diagnosed every year. According to the guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), annual Prostate Screening is recommended beginning at age 45 for men at high risk, such as those with a family history, and age 50 for average-risk men. These screenings can significantly improve outcomes, as early-stage prostate cancer has a 5-year survival rate of nearly 100%.

Prostate Screening options

Men aged 50 can request a PSA prostate test from the NHS, but if you would like a test earlier or at a more convenient time and location, Living Care offers three advanced Prostate Screening options to help detect prostate cancer and other prostate health issues in their earliest stages:

1. MRI Prostate Bi-parametric (Non-contrast) Screening
2. MRI Prostate Multi-parametric (With Contrast)
3. Ultrasound Guided TP Prostate Biopsy

These screening methods allow our urology experts to thoroughly evaluate the prostate gland and identify any areas of concern. Early detection is crucial, as prostate cancer is often treatable when caught early.

How a Prostate Screening works

MRI Prostate Bi-parametric (Non-contrast) Screening

The bi-parametric MRI uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to capture detailed images of the prostate without the need for contrast dye injection. This screening method allows our radiologists to assess the prostate gland's size, shape, and texture and identify any suspicious lesions or abnormalities.

MRI Prostate Multi-parametric (With Contrast)

The multi-parametric MRI builds upon the bi-parametric approach by also incorporating the use of a contrast agent. This enhances the visualisation of the prostate and can provide even more detailed information about blood flow and other functional characteristics of the gland.

Ultrasound Guided TP Prostate Biopsy

If the MRI scans reveal any areas of concern, our providers may recommend an ultrasound-guided transperineal (TP) prostate biopsy. During this procedure, a small sample of prostate tissue is collected for further analysis under a microscope.

What to expect when receiving a Prostate Screening

The Prostate Screening process at Living Care involves three main options, each with its specific steps and considerations:

MRI Prostate Bi-parametric (Non-contrast) and Multi-parametric (With Contrast) Screening:

• Before the scan: You'll need to provide information about medical implants or conditions that could interfere with the magnetic fields.
• During the scan: The MRI itself is a painless, non-invasive procedure. You'll lie still on a table that slides into the MRI machine, which uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to capture detailed images of your prostate.
• After the scan: No recovery time is needed - you can immediately resume your normal activities after the MRI screening.

Ultrasound Guided TP Prostate Biopsy:

• Before the biopsy: Your provider will give you specific instructions on how to prepare, which may include adjusting medications, using an enema, and avoiding certain activities.
• During the biopsy: A small sample of prostate tissue is collected using a thin, hollow needle inserted through the perineum (the area between the rectum and scrotum). You may feel some pressure or discomfort, but the procedure is typically well-tolerated.
• After the biopsy: You may experience minor rectal bleeding, discomfort, or infection risk. We will advise you on proper post-procedure care and when to follow up.

Regardless of the screening method, our team will thoroughly review your results and work closely with you to determine the best next steps for your prostate health.

Risks and complications of a Prostate Screening

While Prostate Screening is considered safe, there are some potential risks to be aware of:

• False-positive results: MRI and biopsy results can sometimes indicate the presence of cancer when none is actually present, leading to unnecessary further testing. Our providers are highly experienced in interpreting screening results and will work closely with you to determine if additional testing is warranted based on your circumstances and risk factors.
• Infection: There is a small risk of infection following a prostate biopsy, though this is rare with proper sterile technique.
• Bleeding or discomfort: Patients may experience minor rectal bleeding or discomfort after a biopsy, but this typically resolves quickly.

How to recover following a Prostate Screening

Recovery from Prostate Screening is generally quick, with most patients able to resume normal activities shortly after the procedure. However, following up with your healthcare provider to discuss the results and any recommended next steps is essential.